Currently, there are two main types of indoor voltages used in various countries: 100V–130V and 220V–240V. The 100V and 110V–130V range is classified as low voltage, used in countries like the USA and Japan, as well as on ships, with a focus on safety. The 220V–240V range is classified as high voltage, including China's 220V and the UK's 230V, along with many European countries, emphasizing efficiency. Some countries that primarily use 220V–230V also have instances of 110V–130V usage, such as Sweden and Russia.100V: Japan, South Korea.110V–130V: Taiwan, USA, Canada, Mexico, Panama, Cuba, Lebanon, and about 30 other countries.220V–230V: China, Hong Kong (200V), UK, Germany, France, Italy, Australia, India, Singapore, Thailand, Netherlands, Spain, Greece, Austria, Philippines, Norway, and around 120 other countries.

1. Working Principle of Electric ExcavatorsThe primary difference between electric excavators and traditional fuel-powered excavators is that electric excavators use electrical energy as their power source, achieving zero emissions, low noise, and energy efficiency. The working principle mainly involves an electric motor driving a hydraulic pump to complete the excavation tasks, with the motor being powered by an external power source. Electric excavators can use various power sources such as battery packs, supercapacitors, flexible charging batteries, and even solar energy, offering flexibility and convenience. 2. Advantages of Electric Excavators(1)Eco-friendly and Energy-efficientSince electric excavators do not require fuel, they do not emit exhaust gases or other harmful pollutants, making them highly environmentally friendly. Additionally, the absence of fuel requirements significantly reduces operating costs, leading to notable energy savings.(2)Low NoiseElectric excavators are powered by electric motors, eliminating the loud noise of traditional engines. This results in a quieter worksite environment and reduces noise disturbances for nearby residents.(3)High FlexibilityElectric excavators are compact and lightweight, with excellent maneuverability, making them easier to operate in confined spaces. Moreover, without the need for large fuel storage tanks, the machine's overall weight is reduced, facilitating easier transportation and handling.(4)Longer Lifespan

In recent years, driven by environmental protection concepts, electric loaders have emerged as a new type of construction machinery and are gradually gaining widespread attention in the market. Compared to traditional fuel-powered loaders, electric loaders quickly become popular in modern engineerin

Before using a new airport tow tractor1.Please pay attention to the following points to ensure the efficient operation and longer service life of the airport tow tractor.Please refer to the manual for the use and maintenance of the engine.2.Fill the tank with all kinds of oil according to the requirements, fill all lubrication parts with enough engine oil, gear oil and grease according to the regulations (see the lubrication chart).3.Check the level of cooling water, the battery electrolyte and tire pressure according to the regulations.4.Check the bolt and nut of the whole airport tow tractor.5.Start engine, then check and eliminate the leakage of oil and water. Run-in period of a new airport tow tractorThe new car should be running in at least for 60 hours according to the following regulations.

TDER Lesson: How to maintain a forkliftDaily maintenance1.To clean the dirt and soil on the forklift, the key parts are: fork rack and gantry slide, generator and starter, battery electrode column, water tank, air filter.2.Check the tightening of various parts, focusing on: fork support, lifting chain tightening screws, wheel screws, wheel fixing pins, brakes, steering screws.3.Check the reliability and flexibility of the steering gear.4.Check the leakage, focusing on: each pipe joint, diesel tank, oil tank, brake pump, lifting cylinder, tilt, cylinder, water tank, water pump, engine oil pan, torque converter, transmission, transaxle, main reducer, hydraulic steering gear, steering cylinder.5.Tire pressure check: insufficient should be added to the specified value to confirm that there is no air leakage. Check whether the tire ground and side are damaged, and whether the axle is deformed.6.Brake fluid, water check: check whether the brake fluid is within the scale range, and check whether the brake pipe is mixed with air.When adding brake fluid, prevent dust and water from mixing. When adding water to the tank, use clean tap water, if using antifreeze, the same antifreeze should be added. When the water temperature is higher than 70C, do not open the tank cover. When opening the cover, pad a thin cloth and twist the tank cover without gloves.7.Engine oil, hydraulic oil, electrolyte check: first pull out the oil scale, wipe the ruler head, insert it and then pull out to check whether the oil level is between the two scale lines. The oil level in the working tank should be between two calibration lines; Too little oil will mix air into the pipeline, and too much will overflow from the cover plate. Battery point solution liquid should also be between the upper and lower scale lines, insufficient to add distilled water to the top line.8.Brake pedal check: step on each pedal to check whether there is abnormal sluggishness or blockage.9.Belt, horn, light, instrument and other inspection: check whether the tightness of the belt meets the regulations. No adjustment allowance or damage cracks, need to be replaced; Horn, light, instrument should be normal and effective.10.Remove oil filter sediment. Level 1 technical maintenanceFollow the "Routine maintenance" project and add the following work.1.Check the cylinder pressure or vacuum degree.2.Check and adjust the valve clearance.3.Check whether the thermostat works normally4.Check whether the multi-way reversing valve, lifting cylinder, tilt cylinder, steering cylinder and gear pump work normally.5.Check whether the shift work of the transmission is normal6.Check and adjust the gap between the brake disc and the brake drum of the foot brake.7.Replace the oil in the oil pan, check whether the crankcase ventilation nozzle is intact, and clean the oil filter and diesel filter element.8.Check whether the engine and starter are firmly installed, and whether the connector is clean and firm, check whether the carbon brush and commutator are worn.9.Check the tightness of fan belt.10.Check whether the wheel installation is firm, whether the tire pressure meets the requirements, and remove the debris embedded in the table.11.Due to maintenance work and disassemble parts, when reassembly to carry out forklift road test.(1) Braking performance under different degrees should be free from deviation and snaking. On steep slopes, when the hand brake is tightened, it can stop reliably.(2) Listen to the engine in acceleration, deceleration, heavy load or no-load operation, there is no normal sound.(3) After a road test, check the brake, transmission, front axle housing, gear pump for overheating.(4) The fork will lift speed is normal, there is no shaking.12.Check whether the diesel tank oil inlet filter is blocked and damaged, and clean or replace the filter. Level 2 technical maintenanceIn addition to the maintenance of the items according to Level I technology, the following work has been added:1.Clean the oil tank, filter and pipeline, and check whether there is corrosion, crack, do not use fiber yarn head, cloth wipe after cleaning.2.Clean the torque converter, gearbox, check the wear of parts, and replace the new oil.3.Check the drive shaft bearing and change the direction of the universal joint cross shaft if necessary.4.Check the tightness of all parts of the drive axle and whether there is oil leakage, dredge the porosity. Remove and check the main reducer, adjust the bearing axial clearance, add or replace lubricating oil.5.Disassemble, adjust and lubricate the front and rear wheels, and carry out half-shaft transposition.6.Clean the brake and adjust the friction gap.7.Clean the steering gear and check the free turning momentum of the steering disc.8.Disassemble and clean the gear oil pump, pay attention to check the wear of the gear, housing and bearing.9.Disassemble the multi-way valve, check the gap between the valve stem and the valve body, and do not disassemble the safety valve if necessary.10.Check whether the steering joint is damaged and cracked, the coordination between the steering bridge kingpin and the steering joint, and remove the wear of the longitudinal and horizontal tie rod and the joints of the steering arm.11.Remove the tires, brush and paint the rims, check the inner and outer tires and cushion belts, change positions and inflate according to regulations.

1. Be careful not to get too close to the edge of the cliff. When building a levee, filling or unloading materials down a cliff, one pile should be unloaded first, and the latter pile should be used to push the previous pile.2. When the machine pushes the soil down the cliff or to the top of the slo